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Hot Disk® Instrument TPS 2500S Model：TPS 2500S

The popular Hot Disk TPS 2500S is the core instrument of our portfolio. This multi-purpose, highly performing R&D thermal conductivity meter is designed for precision analysis of thermal transport properties of materials of all types: solids, liquids, powders, and pastes. It is frequently used in automated production line QC testing. The TPS 2500 S handles sub-millimeter-thick bulk samples, has a Thermal Conductivity range of 0.005 to 1800 W/m/K, and accommodates temperatures from cryogenic to 1000ºC. It can also analyse the anisotropic thermal transport properties of uniaxial materials. The TPS 2500 S is a capital research instrument, meets ISO 22007-2 and is CE marked.

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Detail information Specification Application

The benchmark instrument

The Hot Disk TPS 2500S is the flagship instrument in the system portfolio of Hot Disk AB. This general-purpose R&D instrument is designed for precision analysis of thermal transport properties – including thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity. The TPS 2500 S covers an extensive range of materials of various geometries and dimensions, and meets ISO Standard 22007-2.
The standardized TPS technique – today used in more than 1000 laboratories – is highly appreciated for its ability to simultaneously determine thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity from a single measurement, with limited emphasis on sample preparation. The operative simplicity of the TPS 2500 S and the performance achieved when using optimally designed Hot Disk sensors, makes this system an ideal, trustworthy tool for tests of solids, liquids, powders, pastes and foams. The trademark high accuracy and precision also makes the instrument suitable for QC testing.
The selection of software modules allows the TPS 2500 S to be used in many specialized applications, from basic testing of isotropic materials (Isotropic module) to measurements of rod-shaped specimens (One-dimensional module); thin films, coatings or adhesive layers (Thin Film module); high-conducting sheets or slabs (Slab module); extremely light and low-conducting materials (Low-density/Highly-insulating module); and anisotropic samples or layered structures (Anisotropic module) – all important applications in the electronics, automotive, aerospace, nuclear and chemical industries. Furthermore, with the unique feature of being able to probe thermal conductivity as a function of sample depth (Structural Probe module), the TPS 2500 S can e.g. be used to determine whether a sample is homogeneous or not. In addition to these applications the TPS 2500 S can also be employed for dedicated specific heat capacity testing of large (compared to conventional methods, e.g. DSC) solid samples, such as complex composites.
The Hot Disk Thermal Analyser software for the TPS 2500 S system incorporates tools for automated measurements as well as automatic temperature control of external devices. It also incorporates tools for exporting results to 3rd-party software (MS Excel), for additional processing or statistical analysis. For precise and automatic temperature readings an optional PT-100 temperature sensor is available.

Sample Types	Bulks, rods, slabs, sheets, foils, films, laminates, composites, minerals, batteries, textiles, granules, powders, pastes, gels, liquids, foams and insulators.
Evaluation
Anisotropy	Yes, uniaxial materials can be characterised, using optional Anisotropic Measurement Module.
One-Dimensional	Yes, axial estimations possible for a complex sample configuration.
Sample Dimensions
Smallest	Bulk sample: 0.5 mm thick x 2 mm wide (circle or square).
	Rod sample: 5 mm long x 2.5 mm wide (circle or square).
	Slab sample: 42 μm thick x 8 mm wide (circle or square).
	Thin film sample: 10 μm thick x 22 mm wide (circle or square).
Largest	Bulk sample: unlimited
	Rod sample: unlimited length x 60 mm wide (circle or square).
	Slab sample: 20 mm thick x unlimited wide (circle or square).
	Thin Film sample: 500 μm thick x unlimited wide (circle or square).
Sample Temperature Range	-253°C (20 K) to 1000°C.
Core Instrument	RT.
With Optional TCU	Tubular Furnace: RT to 1000°C (oxygen-free environment required above 750°C).
	Muffle Furnace: RT to 750°C.
	Convection Oven: RT to 600°C.
	Bath Circulator: -30°C to 200°C.
	Cryostat: -195°C (78 K) to RT.
Measurement Time	0.1 to 2560 seconds (depending on sample material and sensor dimensions).
Measurement Range
Thermal Conductivity	Bulk sample: 0.005 to 500 W/m/K.
	Rod sample: 1 to 1800 W/m/K.
	Slab sample: 5 to 1500 W/m/K.
	Thin Film sample: 0.01 to 5 W/m/K.
Thermal Diffusivity	Bulk sample: 0.01 to 400 mm²/s.
	Rod sample: 1 to 1400 mm²/s.
	Slab sample: 5 to 1000 mm²/s.
	Thin Film sample: 0.02 to 2 mm²/s.
Thermal Effusivity	20 to 55000 W√s/m²/K.
Specific Heat Capacity	Up to 5 MJ/m³/K.
Measurement Accuracy
Thermal Conductivity	Better than 5%.
Thermal Diffusivity	Better than 10%.
Measurement Reproducibility
Thermal Conductivity	Typically better than 2%.
Thermal Diffusivity	Typically better than 5%.
Measurement Repeatability
Thermal Conductivity	Typically 0.055% (Stainless Steel bulk sample, Kapton-insulated Hot Disk sensor model 5501, and 22°C sample temperature).
Thermal Diffusivity	Typically 0.22% (Stainless Steel bulk sample, Kapton-insulated Hot Disk sensor model 5501, and 22°C sample temperature).
Measurement Sensitivity
Temperature	Typically 17 μK (Stainless Steel sample, Kapton-insulated Hot Disk sensor model 5501, and 22°C sample temperature).

The accuracy and precision of Hot Disk® instruments, coupled to the ease with which they test for relevant Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, Thermal Effusivity and Specific Heat Capacity has made them very popular with R&D and QC customers. These are often connected to industries of robotics, automotive, aerospace, manufacturing, electronics, photonics, semiconductor, energy storage, construction, biotechnology, life sciences, food, textile etc. Hot Disk® instruments also offer an unmatched measurement range and capability of tackling all manner of sample types – coatings, films, sheets, slabs, rods, bulks, solids, liquids, pastes, gels, powders, and insulators. This excellence of performance has garnered Hot Disk thousands of satisfied users. Our clients have been pleased to note and confirm that their Hot Disk instruments readily and accurately tackle a vast range of applications within topical areas of building materials, batteries, polymers, metals, thermal interface materials, thermoelectrics, aerogels, graphites, graphene, crystals, semiconductors, ceramics etc.